Treaty of Mondoros

Minister of Navy Huseyin Rauf Orbay signed a treaty in Mondros Horbour of the Island of Limni, in October 31st, 1918. With this treaty the war came to an end. It was signed between the Ottoman State and the Ally Countries led by English Admiral Calthorp. The treaty actually punctuate the collapse Ottoman Empire. For example; one of the articles of the treaty was giving right to the allies to invade a region of the Empire in case of a danger. This article was legalising the ally invasion in the Ottoman territories. As Mustafa Kemal said, “the Ottoman Government surrendered directly by the ally countries. The Turkish lands not only surrendered but also the Ottoman Government gave permission to them. There is no doubt that, if this treaty would fully applied there would be no territory that belongs to the Turks.” Even before the Mondros Treaty, the Allies had begun to share the Ottoman Territories.

THE MAJOR ARTICLES OF MONDROS TREATY

1. The Straits (Istanbul and Canakkale) will be open, and the Ally Forces will enter the Black Sea easily.

2. All mines fields will be cleaned and the location of the torpid and shell cases will be informed to the Ally Forces.

3. The mine fields of the Black Sea will be informed to the Ally Forces.

4. All Armenian and Ally prisoners will be freed in Istanbul.

5. The Ottoman Army will be demobilised and they will surrender. They will be only responsible of interior security.

6. The Ottoman Navy will surrender, and the Ottoman battleships will be anchored to harbours that the Ally Forces permitted.

7. Allies will the right to occupy any part in the Ottoman Territories in case of disorder.

8. The Ottoman rail-roads and trade ships will be in service of the Allied Forces.

9. The Ally Forces will be utilised from the facilities of the Ottoman Harbours.

10. The tunnels of the Toros Mountains (Mediterranean Region) will be dominated by the Ally Forces.

11. The Ottoman forces in Caucus and Iran will withdraw from the territories they have been occupied.

12. Except the governmental telecommunication, the Allies will dominate the telecommunication networks.

13. All military, commercial and marina equipment demolitions will be banned.

14. The Ottomans will supply coal, food, oil and grease without any charge and these items will not be exported anyhow.

15. All rail roads will be controlled by the Ally Forces.

16. The Ottoman Forces in Hicaz, Asir, Yemen, Syria and Iraq will surrender to the nearest Ally commanders.

17. All Ottoman military officers in Bingazi and Trablus will surrender to the nearest Italian Troops.

18. All the harbours occupied by the Ottomans in Trablus and Bingazi will be left to the Italians.

19. All the Germans and Austrians whether military officers or civil people will leave the Ottoman Lands within one month.

20. Any order related with the delivery of military equipments, the demobilisation of the Ottoman Army or transportation of the vehicles will be immediately done.

21. An ally officer will work in the Ministry of Subsistence and any supplementation needed will be informed to him.

22. Ottoman prisoners will not be freed by the Allies.

23. Ottoman Government will abandon all the relations with the other countries.

24. The Allies will reserve the right to occupy any part of six province in case of disorder.

25. The war between The Ottoman State and the Allies will be ended on October 31, 1918 in the noon time.